The Alaska SeaLife Center is pleased to announce the recipients of the 2023 Alaska Ocean Leadership Awards.   These awards are given annually to individuals and organizations that have made significant contributions to the awareness and sustainability of the state’s marine resources. The Alaska SeaLife Center appreciates the support provided by the award sponsors and thanks the awards committee members (Jason Brune, Ginny Eckert, Lynn Palensky, Brian Pinkston, Robert Suydam, and Sheyna Wisdom) for their assistance in selecting the award recipients. These awards will be presented at the Alaska Marine Science Symposium on January 23 and the Alaska SeaLife Center Soiree on February 18, both in Anchorage.   Vera Metcalf will receive the prestigious Walter J. and Ermalee Hickel Lifetime Achievement Award. Following the footsteps of the late Governor Walter J. Hickel and the late Ermalee Hickel, the Hickel Family continues to sponsor this award to recognize individuals who have made exceptional contributions to the management of Alaska’s coastal and ocean resources for more than 20 years. Vera Metcalf has held the position of Eskimo Walrus Commission (EWC) Director for over 20 years. She is a recent inductee to the Alaska Women’s Hall of Fame, an honor given to women who have influenced the direction of Alaska. Vera has held several positions including Commissioner on the U.S. Arctic Research Commission, a member of the Inuit Circumpolar Council, and currently serves as a Special Advisor on Native Affairs with the U.S. Marine Mammal Commission. She works and communicates easily with scientists, researchers, political appointees, tribal leaders, and EWC members to ensure ocean resources are available for generations to come. Leading the EWC, Vera represents Alaska’s coastal walrus hunting communities in the co-management of the Pacific walrus and ensures that scientific and Indigenous Knowledge research is conducted responsibly and utilized effectively in management decisions regarding the Pacific walrus population.   Dr. Sue Moore, Ph.D., will receive the Marine Research Award. This award is sponsored by Drs. Clarence Pautzke and Maureen McCrea. This honor is given to a scientist, team of scientists, or an institution that is acknowledged by peers to have made an original breakthrough contribution to any field of scientific knowledge about Alaska’s oceans. Dr. Sue Moore has studied Arctic marine mammals and their ecosystems since 1981, with a focus on the northern Bering, Chukchi, and Beaufort seas. Dr. Moore served as the Cetacean Program Leader and Director of NOAA’s Alaska Fisheries Science Center’s Marine Mammal Laboratory, and as a Research Scientist and Senior Scientist at NOAA’s Office of Science and Technology. She has authored or co-authored more than 130 peer-reviewed articles and has consistently emphasized, promoted, and used long-term studies as the basis for her many scientific contributions. She is recognized for her expertise and contributions to science related to how the Arctic ecosystem functions and to the stewardship of upper trophic-level species. In 2020, she received the International Arctic Science Committee Medal in recognition of her outstanding achievement in understanding marine mammals as ecosystem sentinels and how climate change is influencing the phenology of Arctic species. In addition to her extensive science contributions, Dr. Moore has served on many boards and commissions, including the International Whaling Commission’s Scientific Committee and numerous advisory and steering committees for the National Science Foundation. Earlier this month, she was appointed by President Biden as one of three Commissioners on the U.S. Marine Mammal Commission.   Catherine Walker will receive the Marine Science Outreach Award. This award is given to a person, team, or organization that has made an outstanding contribution to ocean literacy via formal or informal education, media, or other communications. It is sponsored by the Alaska Ocean Observing System. Catherine Walker is a National Board Certified science teacher at Dimond High in Anchorage, teaching marine biology/oceanography, essentials of engineering, and drone aviation. Seeking to enrich the experiences of her students and empower the next generation of ocean stewards, Catherine is involved in the school’s Ocean Club, Green Effects Club, field trips to Kasitsna Bay and Prince William Sound, the National Ocean Science Bowl, has helped Dimond High become a NOAA Ocean Guardian School, and is a member of the NOAA Pacific Educators Network. Catherine has served as an adjunct professor through Prince William Sound College and is continually working to innovate and collaborate with other teachers and community members to better serve her student’s understanding of our oceans and the need for conservation of Alaska’s unique and vital ecosystems. Through her work, Catherine has increased ocean literacy for thousands of youth and adults. A winner of the Presidential Award for Excellence in Mathematics and Science Teaching as well as a National Geographic Certified Educator, Catherine is described as a tireless advocate for education and for the improvement of Alaska’s marine ecosystems.   Patrick Simpson, Alaska Plastic Recovery, LLC will receive the Stewardship and Sustainability Award. This award is sponsored by Jason Brune and honors an industry leader that demonstrates the highest commitment to sustainability of ocean resources. Patrick Simpson of Alaska Plastic Recovery, LLC is working to create innovative solutions to assess, collect, and utilize plastic ocean waste found on Alaskan beaches. An engineer and entrepreneur based in Anchorage, Simpson is working to develop technologies specifically for Alaska. One of these technologies includes creating plastic-based lumber from marine debris with a mobile plastic ocean waste recycler that is designed within a shipping container to be used even in remote communities. Simpson and Alaska Plastic Recovery LLC are also in development to include heavy-lift drones to remove bags of marine debris on beaches and marine learning algorithms that can be used to assess the debris. Simpson engages high school students to demonstrate these technologies. Taking the major worldwide problem of plastic marine debris pollution and turning it into an opportunity, Simpson’s exciting and inventive efforts will result in cleaner beaches and oceans and reduce microplastics in our marine ecosystems.   Mia Siebenmorgen Cresswell will receive the Ocean Youth Award. The Ocean Youth Award is awarded to an individual or team of Alaskan youth up to 19 years old who has displayed a dedication to promoting the understanding and stewardship of Alaska’s oceans. Mia Siebenmorgen Cresswell served as an intern for the Prince William Sound Regional Citizen’s Advisory Council’s marine invasive species monitoring program. Monitoring the nearshore coastal ecosystem in her hometown of Cordova, Mia set traps to monitor for European green crab and monitored settlement plates in the local harbor for benthic invasive species as part of the Smithsonian Environmental Research Center’s Plate Watch program. She has engaged in outreach by presenting her monitoring work at events including the Wrangell Institute for Science and Environment’s Science Lecture Series and the Prince William Sound Natural History Symposium. Mia also interned at the Prince William Sound Science Center and the Copper River Watershed Project, where she took on various multimedia and art projects, created small grant proposals, and served as a youth leader for a summer stewardship program. She has brought greater awareness to the issue of marine invasive species in Alaska and stewards the importance of marine science in Southcentral Alaska and beyond.  

Extreme climate events are being experienced worldwide, and Alaska ecosystems, unfortunately, have a front-row seat. Heatwaves, droughts, floods, and hurricanes, are having profound environmental impacts, and are expected to continue for decades to come.One of these extreme climate events, called the Pacific marine heatwave, occurred between 2014 and 2016. During this time, water temperatures rose far above normal conditions and had expansive ecological impacts throughout the Gulf of Alaska and northeast Pacific Ocean. Luckily, the Chiswell Steller Sea Lion Remote Video Monitoring team (the ASLC Chiswell team) has been monitoring the Endangered population of Steller sea lions for nearly 25 years — long before the Pacific marine heatwave occurred. This western population of Steller sea lions was  listed as Endangered under the U.S. Endangered Species Act in 1997 following a major population decline. The ASLC Chiswell team has monitored this population since 1998 and has seen a general increase in the population over the years until 2016. The ASLC Chiswell team conducts multiple population surveys each year in the area around Resurrection Bay and monitors the Steller sea lion rookery called Chiswell Island through remote video cameras controlled at the Center.  The population data collected through the Pacific marine heatwave showed a continued increase in the population through 2015.  The peak impact of the heatwave occurred during the winter of 2015 and into 2016, and the Chiswell team began to see significant declines in pups and adults in the summer of 2016. Changes in food availability likely played some role in the decline. Dr. John Maniscalco, Ph. D. — a lead scientist at the ASLC — recently published a peer-reviewed article in Global Ecology and Conservation that looks at how the Pacific marine heatwave could have affected the winter diets of the Endangered population of Steller sea lions in Alaska over this time frame.  Winter is considered a critical time for Steller sea lions as it is likely the most energetically challenging time of the year. In addition to regulating their body temperatures in freezing Alaskan waters, adult female sea lions can be both lactating and pregnant with new pups, which they will birth in the coming summer. Limited food availability during the winter months could have dire outcomes for adult females, leading them to abort growing fetuses, wean their pups too early, or put their own survival at risk. Winter is also a high-risk season for scientists, as harsh and unpredictable weather at sea makes regular surveys logistically challenging, if not impossible. So how do scientists find out what sea lions are eating during this critical time period? The answer lies not in the sea lions, but in what they leave behind: scat samples.   Continue reading the full update on the ASLC blog: https://stories.alaskasealife.org/2023/05/01/changes-in-ssl-winter-diets/

Endowment Fund Make a donation today that keeps giving year after year The Alaska SeaLife Center (ASLC) has partnered with the Alaska Community Foundation (ACF) to create the Alaska SeaLife Center Endowment Fund, which will support the ASLC in achieving its mission of generating and sharing scientific knowledge to promote understanding and stewardship of Alaska’s marine ecosystems for the years to come. Endowment funds generate a predictable stream of income, leaving a majority of the assets to grow in perpetuity. An endowment offers the flexibility to meet ASLC’s immediate needs while ensuring assets are always preserved for our long-term mission. The ACF protects the fund’s assets from being spent for any other purpose. For example, your gift today will be invested by the ACF and will earn returns every year from the moment you make it. That means a gift of $1,000 today is a gift of $50 every year permanently to the Alaska SeaLife Center. The Alaska SeaLife Center Endowment Fund welcomes gifts of all kinds including cash, bequests, stock, real estate, life insurance and retirement assets. Gifts can be made online directly with the ACF or by calling (907) 334-6700. Online donations can also be made here through the Alaska SeaLife Center which will transfer Endowment Fund donations to the ACF on a monthly basis.  

animatedcollapse.addDiv('A', 'fade=1') animatedcollapse.ontoggle=function($, divobj, state){ //fires each time a DIV is expanded/contracted //$: Access to jQuery //divobj: DOM reference to DIV being expanded/ collapsed. Use "divobj.id" to get its ID //state: "block" or "none", depending on state } animatedcollapse.init() animatedcollapse.addDiv('B', 'fade=1') animatedcollapse.ontoggle=function($, divobj, state){ //fires each time a DIV is expanded/contracted //$: Access to jQuery //divobj: DOM reference to DIV being expanded/ collapsed. Use "divobj.id" to get its ID //state: "block" or "none", depending on state } animatedcollapse.init()         MEET SADIE ULMAN Avian Research Coordinator at the Alaska SeaLife Center WHAT SHE STUDIES: - Wildlife and habitat ecology EDUCATION: B.A. in Zoology from the University of Wisconsin- Madison M.S. in Wildlife Ecology from the University of Delaware HOMETOWN: Black River Falls, Wisconsin     "PLANNING THE LOGISTICS, YOU ALWAYS MAKE 'PLAN A'...and then you hope you’ll get out there within a day or two of that plan, depending on the weather. Floatplane access is very weather-dependant: things like cloud cover, fog, and wind can delay flights. We’re dropped off at a site by a floatplane and we unload all our gear onto the riverbank. We have all our camp stuff in big drybags and totes and we set up camp there for a few days. We have our base camp and go from there on a daily basis to all our sites. When the floatplane comes back, we pack up all our stuff in the plane and the floats. You have to be creative with getting all your gear in there!" Sadie describes some of her favorite things about working in the field. (1:04) Video Transcript Maps are one of my favorite things to create and look at and follow. Reading maps is a really big part of fieldwork. I love to look where we are going and what else is out there to explore. The typical day is, you never know what’s going to happen. Waking up in the tent and just kind of hoping that it’s not raining so you can do your work. From camp to where you want to go ranges from, it could be as close as a 15 minute walk or sometimes it is an hour and a half to two hours. The landscape in which you’re walking could be mudflats, through ponds, it could be crossing mud sloughs at low or high tide. If it’s high tide you have to be creative. What you see and find out there varies all the time. Even when you are at camp, cooking food and stuff, you can still be watching wildlife and what the birds are doing, which is really fun. And you get to sleep on the tundra, with birds singing, it’s pretty great!   CLICK BELOW TO LEARN ABOUT SEADUCK SCIENTISTS!  

ASLC in the news Seward, Alaska (January 14, 2016) - KTVA reporter, Heather Hintze, visited the Alaska SeaLife Center and spoke with our Avian Curator, Tasha Dimarzio, and Science Director, Tuula Hollmen to get the latest on efforts to understand what is currently impacting common murres. An unusual number of live murres have been sighted in the region for this time of year. Researchers and the public have also seen an exponentially higher murre die-off than what is typically associated with El Nino years, with thousands of birds washing up on Alaska’s shores.  For the past five years, Hollmen and ASLC staff, working in partnership with National Park Service, have conducted monthly surveys of murres contributing to the baseline knowledge of these highly specialized seabirds. In addition to working with murres and other birds in the ASLC aviary, Dimarzio volunteers for the Coastal Observation and Seabird Survey (COASST) helping partners enhance the regional understanding of seabirds.  Hintze’s video and story can be found at http://www.ktva.com/seward-volunteers-tracking-dead-murre-numbers-across-alaska-794/.

If you have wondered how Alaska SeaLife Center’s CO2 refrigerant seawater heat pump system works, watch this! Alaska’s Energy Desk has produced a video that walks the viewer through the process, explaining the journey nature and science travel together to make this groundbreaking system possible, thanks to leadership, skill, innovation and collaboration. Alaska’s Energy Desk is a team of six reporters collaborating between multiple news stations—including Alaska Public Media in Anchorage, KTOO in Juneau and KUCB in Unalaska—to cover energy and environment in the Last Frontier. Check out Heat From the Deep: How Cold Ocean Water Heats the Alaska SeaLife Center here: https://youtu.be/UgxwDPcsZeQ.    

Seward, Alaska (October 25, 2016)– Scientists from the Alaska SeaLife Center (ASLC) recently returned from the first research mission to utilize new satellite technology for the study of harbor seal populations. The month-long expedition to the Aleutian Islands on board the research vessel Norseman, was conducted in collaboration with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s (NOAA) Polar Ecosystems Program. “The population trends and factors that may be influencing harbor seals remain poorly understood,” said ASLC President and CEO Tara Riemer. “We are excited to increase our understanding of harbor seals and for the potential to better inform the science community and resource managers.” Co-funded by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the study brings together scientists from two different organizations to collaborate on the next steps toward understanding and addressing shared concerns. Using Life History Transmitters (LHX), developed by Dr. Markus Horning, ASLC Science Director, in collaboration with Wildlife Computers, Inc. under funding from the National Science Foundation, researchers will be able to collect survival and reproductive data to better understand harbor seal population trends. Harbor seals in the Aleutian Islands declined by about 67% in the last two decades of the 20th century, and 50-80% during the same time frame in areas west of the Gulf of Alaska. LHX tags are surgically implanted and have a life span of 10 years or more. Using post-mortem satellite-linked data retrieval, LHX tags can provide data on timing and causes of mortality, and reproductive data from females. This allows researchers to estimate birthrates, quantify predation pressure, and analyze other drivers of population trajectories. Externally attached tags glued to the fur of seals are also used in this study by National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) scientists, but typically fall off during the annual molt. “This satellite tagging project combining externally attached tags and the newly developed implanted tags will allow us to compare and assess data we’ve not had access to before,” said Dr. Horning, ASLC science director and principal investigator for the LHX portion of the study. “It will help us set parameters for a long-term study and provides a better window into the challenges harbor seals are facing, particularly in the Aleutian Chain area.” ASLC staff working with Dr. Horning on the mission were veterinarian Dr. Pam Tuomi and Research Associate Renae Sattler, as well as Sea World Florida veterinarian Dr. Stacy DiRocco. This research is being conducted under NMFS permit no. 19309 and all applicable animal research and ethics guidelines. Details on the LHX tags can be found on: www.sealtag.org. The mission was chronicled and photographed by the Polar Ecosystems Program team on their blog, Dispatches from the field: Studying at-risk harbor seals in western Aleutians. A link to the blog may be found on at www.alaskasealife.org.   About the Polar Ecosystems Program:The Marine Mammal Laboratory’s Polar Ecosystems Program conducts research and monitoring on pinnipeds in the Arctic, sub-Arctic, and Antarctic marine ecosystems. The research projects focus primarily on abundance, trends, distribution, and foraging behavior of harbor, bearded, ringed, spotted, and ribbon seals in Alaska. The primary objectives of the program are to support management and assessment of population status under the Marine Mammal Protection Act, and to gain a better understanding of the factors responsible for the dynamics of populations and their roles in the ecosystem.   Photo courtesy of Shawn Dahle, NOAA NMFS permit 19309.

The Alaska SeaLife Center (ASLC) is pleased to report that the sea otter pup admitted to the Center’s Wildlife Response Program on June 1 has cleared its initial quarantine period.   Visitors to the Center may observe this young pup which is receiving 24-hour care in the Center’s I.Sea.U., located near the touch tank. The pup was estimated to be just a few days old when she was found in Prince William Sound. ASLC veterinarian, Dr. Kathy Woodie noted, “We’re so pleased she readily took to bottle feeding. Often sea otter pups take days before they will latch on a bottle and must be tube fed to receive critical nutrients.” While this little pup is strong, veterinarians still monitor her condition. The sea otter pup has been named “Ranney” after Ranney Glacier. Animal Care Specialist, Halley Werner notes, “She is very interactive with enrichment, and becoming stronger and more coordinated each day.” Ranney still requires around the clock care from the team and takes formula from a bottle every three hours. The Alaska SeaLife Center, a non-profit 501(c)(3) organization, is the only permitted marine mammal wildlife response and rehabilitation entity in Alaska. Over 80% of the funding for the Center’s wildlife response program comes from charitable contributions. The Center is thankful for the generous support of visitors, donors and our 2018 corporate sponsors, including BP Alaska, ConocoPhillips Alaska, SeaWorld Busch Gardens Conservation Fund, PetZoo, Silverton Mountain Guides, and GCI. If a sick or injured animal is encountered, ASLC staff urge people to call first, observe at a safe distance, respect the animal’s territory, and keep pets and children away. ASLC operates a 24-hour stranding hotline where trained professionals will walk people through the proper steps to assist the animal. Call 1-888-774-SEAL if you see a marine mammal in distress.

Seward, Alaska (May 5, 2017) – The Alaska SeaLife Center (ASLC) is inviting visitors to see wildlife response and rehabilitation in action. A tiny sea otter pup is now receiving 24-hour care in the Center’s “I.Sea.U” area where members of the public may observe the pup being cared for by animal care specialists. Estimated to be three weeks old when it was admitted to ASLC’s Wildlife Response and Rehabilitation Program on March 18, staff say the pup is progressing well. “This little otter pup shows every indication of thriving under our care,” said Dr. Kathy Woodie, staff veterinarian at the Alaska SeaLife Center. “He is eager to groom himself, is turning himself over in the water and has learned to dive.”   Young otters are entirely dependent on their mothers for up to nine months. Admitting these young patients to the Center’s Wildlife Response and Rehabilitation Program means standing in for otter moms to provide constant care for the duration, teaching them all the life skills they need to survive. Good grooming to maintain a healthy coat is particularly critical to otter health. Initially the Center’s staff worked to rehydrate the pup, get him started on otter pup formula and administer around-the-clock supportive care. The pup has continued to hit expected developmental milestones including weight gain. Soft foods like clam have been integrated into his diet. He is experiencing typical pup teething and associated sore gums. His coat and overall body condition are currently very good. The otter pup is the second of two marine mammals to be admitted to the Center since early March. Responders say they are watching this season carefully to see if the new trend in strandings continues resulting in year-round concern for an issue that had been predominantly seasonal prior to 2015. “Over the past two years, we have experienced a significant increase in total calls to our wildlife response hotline and in cases requiring action from our team,” said Tara Riemer, ASLC President and CEO. The Alaska SeaLife Center, a non-profit 501(c)(3) organization, is the only permitted marine mammal wildlife response and rehabilitation entity in Alaska. Over 80% of the funding for the Center’s wildlife response program comes from charitable contributions. “We especially thank individual Alaskans all across the state, our visitors and corporate sponsors at BP Alaska, ConocoPhillips, PetZoo and GCI for their generous contributions to the Center in support of wildlife rescue,” said Riemer.   The Alaska SeaLife Center operates a 24-hour hotline for the public to report stranded marine mammals or birds, and encourages people who have found a stranded or sick marine animal to avoid touching or approaching the animal. Call first! 1-888-774-SEAL.   High resolution photos available from media@alaskasealife.org; 907-422-7075.   About the Alaska SeaLife Center: Opened in 1998, the Alaska SeaLife Center is a private, non-profit 501(c)(3) research institution and public aquarium. It generates and shares scientific knowledge to promote understanding and stewardship of Alaska’s marine ecosystems. The ASLC is an accredited member of the Association of Zoos and Aquariums. To learn more, visit www.alaskasealife.org or find us on Facebook.              

Seward, AK (November 14, 2018)– The Alaska SeaLife Center (ASLC) recently released a male harbor seal from Clam Gulch on November 8, at Bishop’s Beach in Homer. On July 15, bystanders first spotted the animal lying on the beach in Clam Gulch. After consulting with the ASLC Wildlife Response Team, Homer resident and ASLC Volunteer, Marc Webber, observed the seal from a distance. The seal was found very thin and not using his right flipper. Once he was recovered from the shore, Webber transported the seal to Soldotna, where he was met by ASLC’s wildlife responders. This harbor seal was treated for a bone infection at the end of his right flipper. He was estimated to be about two months old, and quickly began eating as his health improved. Due to this animal’s injury, he required care longer than most seals. The staff remained cautiously optimistic that he would regain use of his flipper and become eligible for release. Since arrival, he has more than doubled in body weight going from 22 to 44 pounds in preparation for a release during the winter. ASLC veterinarian, Dr. Kathy Woodie states, “We’re so pleased he has made a full recovery. The goal of our Wildlife Response Team is always to work towards returning the animal to the wild when possible, so cases like this are always special.”  The Wildlife Response Team released this seal Thursday, November 8, on Bishop’s Beach in Homer. A group of ASLC’s local volunteers were there to assist and observe the successful release of the seal back to the wild.  Prior to the seal’s release ASLC Corporate Donor, GCI, was given the opportunity to name this seal because of their level of financial commitment to the Wildlife Response program. On Election Day, GCI encouraged the public to vote on a name for this rescued harbor seal. The name selected was Hubbard, fitting this year’s naming theme of Alaskan glaciers. With the Alaska SeaLife Center responding to stranded marine mammals along 33,904 miles of coastline, volunteers are critical. ASLC President and CEO Tara Riemer explains, “As a non-profit, we could not have brought Hubbard full circle without our dedicated staff, volunteers, donors, and community. A special thank you to GCI for their support of the release of this seal." If you want to follow along with other Wildlife Response Team stories, check the Rescue and Rehab Journal at the Center’s website at www.alaskasealife.org/rescue_rehab_journal. The Alaska SeaLife Center operates a 24-hour hotline for the public to report stranded marine mammals or birds, and encourages people who have found a stranded or sick marine animal to avoid touching or approaching the animal.  Call first!  1-888-774-SEAL. About the ASLC: Opened in 1998, the Alaska SeaLife Center operates as a private, non-profit research institution and public aquarium. We are excited to be celebrating 20 years of generating and sharing scientific knowledge to promote understanding and stewardship of Alaska’s marine ecosystems. Over 80% of the funding for the Center’s wildlife response program comes from charitable contributions. The Center is thankful for the generous support of visitors, donors and our 2018 corporate sponsors, including BP Alaska, ConocoPhillips Alaska, SeaWorld Busch Gardens Conservation Fund, PetZoo, Silverton Mountain Guides, and GCI. The ASLC is an accredited member of the Association of Zoos and Aquariums. To learn more, visit www.alaskasealife.org.  

Researchers at the Alaska SeaLife Center (ASLC) recently captured a small male Pacific sleeper shark for an investigative study on the species. The Pacific sleeper shark is a close relative of the Greenland shark, which has been found to possibly live for several hundred years. “If findings from recent studies on the Greenland shark transfer to Pacific sleepers, these animals could maybe reach an astonishing age of 200-300 years old,” states Dr. Amy Bishop, ASLC Scientist. Dr. Markus Horning, ASLC Senior Research Scientist, is leading the study as Principal Investigator, together with Co-Investigators, Dr. Amy Bishop, Richard Hocking, and Jared Guthridge. The ASLC team is working closely with Co-Principal Investigator and shark expert, Dr. Christopher Lowe from California State University at Long Beach. They hope to investigate the ecological importance of these sharks, how their populations are impacted through fishing activities, as well as their predation habits. The Pacific sleeper shark is a large marine predator in Alaskan waters, and evidence from initial tagging work by the Center’s researchers suggests they may be a key predator of juvenile Steller sea lions. Researchers first began fishing for sharks in 2018 with the intentions of finding specimens under six feet. The goal is to bring up to five young, small sharks to the Center for short periods of time for select studies on their metabolic rates and basic biology. They will then be released back in Resurrection Bay with telemetry tags to monitor their movements. After receiving assurance from local fishing captain, Andy Mezirow, that sleeper sharks could be found right in the Bay, they started pulling a team together to fish regularly. Many methods were used to find a shark, but bait stations placed up to 900 feet down ended up being the most effective technique. Thirteen sharks were caught that were too big to fit in the metabolic chamber intended for the research study. Those sharks were tagged and released. “Successful sleeper shark captures were rewarding after much trial and error, but we continuously found animals that were too large for our study. We were either going to need a smaller shark or a bigger boat,” notes Dr. Horning. On July 1, 2019, the team found a shark about five feet long that fit perfectly in the transport carrier. Now that the animal is at the Center, Taylor Smith, Lowe’s graduate student at Cal State’s Shark Lab, will be heading the metabolic trials. Visitors to ASLC may at times be able to see research in action since the shark is in our largest pool, visible from the second floor. Since this is a bottom dwelling shark, a cover needs to be used on the pool when research is inactive to reduce light and regulate temperature. To find out more about the Pacific sleeper shark and to follow this research, the public can read ASLC’s 60Ëš North Science Blog. Dr. Markus Horning received funding for this project from the North Pacific Research Board (NPRB). The project is permitted by ASLC’s institutional ethics committee (AUP # R19-05-05) and by the Alaska Department of Fish & Game (CF-19-085).

Seward, Alaska (July 13, 2020) - The Alaska SeaLife Center (ASLC) announces an urgent public information and fundraising campaign to raise $2 million in funding by September 30. Uniquely impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, ASLC will not be able to maintain operations of the Center through the winter due to a lack of summer visitor revenues. ASLC is preparing to do everything possible to change course, including marshaling a combination of public support and funding opportunities. Due to being closed for two months, the lack of summer visitors, and travel restrictions caused by COVID-19, ASLC expects annual visitor revenues to be reduced by 70%. The Center is completely dependent on summer visitors, typically seeing 90% of guests between May and September. “Aquariums like ASLC are especially vulnerable during this difficult time because we can’t reduce operating costs like most businesses—we can’t just shut the doors, turn off the lights and furlough staff,” said President and CEO Tara Riemer. “We need to maintain good animal care, maintain the building, and keep seawater pumping throughout the building every minute of every day.” Closing ASLC would be a permanent decision. Animals would be sent to other facilities, staff  would be laid off, the keys of the building would be turned over to the City of Seward, and ASLC would turn off the seawater pumps that are the building’s life support. This action cannot be undone. “The Alaska SeaLife Center is important, not just to Alaskans but to the world. It’s a key part of Alaska’s tourism infrastructure,” said ASLC Board of Directors Chair Wendy Lindskoog. “Closure of the Center has terrible consequences—the loss of it would be staggering.” In addition to being a top destination for Alaska’s visitors, the Center is a home for invaluable research about the ocean, arctic and subarctic marine wildlife, climate change, and more. As an important part of Alaska’s science education system, the Center provides educational opportunities to students all around the state and around the world through distance programs. ASLC will launch a robust fundraising campaign, beginning now and running until September 30 in the hope of reversing course on this trajectory. The board of directors and staff of ASLC implore the world to help support the Center right now in their time of greatest need by visiting, becoming members, or making a donation to the Alaska SeaLife Center. ASLC will also take every opportunity to identify and secure sustaining funds. Though Alaska’s visitor industry has paused, life goes on at the Center, and so do the needs of the animals. We are thrilled to announce the birth of a female Steller sea lion pup on June 26. The newborn is the offspring of ASLC’s 11-year-old resident male, Pilot, and 17-year-old female, Mara. “Mara is proving to be a doting, attentive, and protective mom,” states Husbandry Director, Lisa Hartman. As newborn pups cannot swim for several weeks, the team will continue to monitor the pair in a behind the scenes enclosure with supervised water access for Mara. Mara, her pup, and the rest of the animals that reside at the Center continue to get top quality care, in fulfillment of Alaska SeaLife Center’s mission. -end- About ASLC: Opened in 1998, the Alaska SeaLife Center operates as a 501(c)(3) non-profit research institution and public aquarium in Seward, Alaska. The Center generates and shares scientific knowledge to promote understanding and stewardship of Alaska’s marine ecosystems. The ASLC is an accredited member of the Association of Zoos and Aquariums. To learn more, visit www.alaskasealife.org.

      Seward, Alaska (August 5, 2020) The Seward Community Foundation (SCF) and Alaska SeaLife Center (ASLC) are jointly announcing a membership drive to boost ASLC’s local membership base. Starting today, SCF will contribute $25 to the Alaska SeaLife Center for each of the next 100 memberships purchased by Seward and Moose Pass residents. These memberships will also be eligible for a prize drawing. In July, the Alaska SeaLife Center (ASLC) announced an urgent fundraising campaign to raise $2 million by September 30. Uniquely impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, ASLC will not be able to maintain operations of the Center through the winter due to a lack of summer visitor revenues and faces permanent closure if these funds are not raised. SCF is responding to this call for help by motivating local residents to become supporters of the Center through a local membership campaign. “The Seward Community Foundation is pleased to help the Alaska SeaLife Center while promoting philanthropy within our local community,” said David Paperman, SCF Vice President and Grant Team Lead. “Each new membership is a way to show your support and love of what has become an essential part of the Seward community—a non-profit organization whose very existence relies on the generous support of average Sewardites. Therefore, each ASLC member has the satisfaction of becoming a philanthropist.” “While we are overwhelmed by the community support over the past three weeks, we still have not met our fundraising goal,” said ASLC President and CEO Tara Riemer. “We are thrilled to have the support of Seward Community Foundation to help reach our dual goals of 5,000 member households and $2 million of overall contributions by September 30.” ASLC and SCF thank the community members and businesses who have contributed to a prize drawing to be held at the end of the membership campaign. Prizes include: Bear Glacier iceberg kayaking trip for two with Liquid Adventures Two seats at a catered group dinner at Zudy’s with other ASLC supporters Fifteen pounds of halibut from the F/V Chandalar with fall delivery “Life After Death” 15x24 art print by Marissa Amor Art Sustainable eating kit with reusable beeswax wraps, water bottles, straws, and bag The SCF-sponsored membership campaign will continue until 100 memberships are purchased by Seward or Moose Pass residents. SCF and ASLC hope that this target is reached within two weeks. All levels of new and renewed memberships are eligible, including individual, dual, family, and giving circles. Memberships and gift memberships are available for online purchase at https://www.alaskasealife.org/memberships. About SCF Founded in 2008, the Seward Community Foundation is an Affiliate of The Alaska Community Foundation. SCF’s goal is to support projects that enhance the quality of life for Seward and Moose Pass residents, addressing immediate needs while working toward long-term improvements. To learn more, visit www.sewardcf.org. About ASLC  Opened in 1998, the Alaska SeaLife Center operates as a 501(c)(3), non-profit research institution and public aquarium in Seward, Alaska. The Center generates and shares scientific knowledge to promote understanding and stewardship of Alaska’s marine ecosystems. The ASLC is an accredited member of the Association of Zoos and Aquariums. To learn more, visit www.alaskasealife.org.      -end-

The Alaska SeaLife Center (ASLC) has admitted a male harbor seal pup into the Wildlife Response Program. The harbor seal pup was found far from the water’s edge near a beach in Port Moller on the Alaska Peninsula. The animal was monitored for several days by the Alaska Department of Fish and Game until it became evident that intervention was necessary when no seals returned to the pup. The animal was transported to the Center after receiving National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration approval on June 15. Lake Clark Air graciously donated the flight for the seal to Anchorage.  Upon the initial admit exam, the main concerns of the veterinary team include severely low body weight,  dehydration, and gastrointestinal issues. The team is currently providing initial stabilizing treatments and examining the patient further to understand the severity of the animal’s condition. A full press release will be provided with updates on this animal after further monitoring and examination.   The Alaska SeaLife Center’s Wildlife Response Program can provide care for animals like this harbor seal because of donations from corporate sponsors and individual donors. People are encouraged to contribute to the care of this patient here: www.alaskasealife.org/donate. The Center acknowledges the ongoing generous support of the Wildlife Response Program from companies like ConocoPhillips, Marathon Petroleum Corporation, SeaWorld Busch Gardens Conservation Fund, PetZoo, Borman Family Foundation, GCI, Partners4Wildlife, Sea Otter Foundation & Trust, and Grizzly Pet Products.  About ASLC  Opened in 1998, the Alaska SeaLife Center operates as a 501(c)(3), non-profit research institution and public aquarium in Seward, Alaska. The Center generates and shares scientific knowledge to promote understanding and stewardship of Alaska’s marine ecosystems. The ASLC is an accredited member of the Association of Zoos and Aquariums. To learn more, visit www.alaskasealife.org.   

The Alaska SeaLife Center (ASLC) is proud to announce that Wei Ying Wong has been chosen to become ASLC’s first Chief Science and Education Officer. As the first executive to serve in this newly created senior leadership position, Dr. Wong will lead the team of educators and scientists in a collaborative commitment to promote ASLC’s science and education programs. Dr. Wong earned her B.A in Environmental Studies and English Literature from the University of Toronto, and her M.A. and Ph.D. from Brown University. She comes to ASLC after serving as Assistant Director for Science and Technical Assistance at Washington Sea Grant in Seattle. Dr. Wong has additionally served in executive roles at the Woodland Park Zoo, the Philadelphia Zoo, and The Ocean Project in Providence, Rhode Island.  “We are very fortunate to find a leader with Wei Ying’s passion for education, science and conservation,” says ASLC President and CEO Tara Riemer. “She brings to us more than 20 years of experience as a highly respected educator, speaker and scientist. Creating this new senior leadership position represents our commitment to bring our experienced educators and world class scientists even closer together to advance our mission.” Dr. Wong has a background in cultural ecology, market research, and strategic communications. “As an avid scuba diver, the marine ecosystem has special resonance for me,” says Dr. Wong. “I am excited to be part of this catalyst for growth at the Center, and the opportunity it provides to amplify our impact through integrating our scientific endeavors and educational engagements. I am excited to join with our visitors and communities in becoming wildlife advocates.” The Chief Science and Education Officer will be part of the Alaska SeaLife Center’s senior management team and serve as staff liaison to the Scientific Advisory Committee. Dr. Wong will start in her new role December 6, 2021. About ASLC  Opened in 1998, the Alaska SeaLife Center operates as a 501(c)(3), non-profit research institution and public aquarium in Seward, Alaska. The Center generates and shares scientific knowledge to promote understanding and stewardship of Alaska’s marine ecosystems. The ASLC is an accredited member of the Association of Zoos and Aquariums. To learn more, visit www.alaskasealife.org.  

The Alaska SeaLife Center admitted a northern fur seal pup to the Wildlife Response Program on January 31, 2023. Fur seals are relatively uncommon wildlife response patients, and have not been cared for at the ASLC since 2017.   The female pup, estimated to be around six months old, was seen swimming erratically near the shore in Sitka, Alaska. Her abnormal behavior worried local residents, who reported the pup to the ASLC 24-hour stranding hotline (1-888-774-7325). Sitka is an unusual location to see northern fur seals this time of year, which raised concerns for her survival by ASLC staff. After receiving approval from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), the animal was transported to the Center for treatment.   The main concerns found by the ASLC veterinary team upon the initial admit exam were dehydration, malnourishment, and signs of an unknown infection found in her bloodwork. Despite these concerns, she was observed to be active and alert when handled. The team found no evidence of severe physical trauma; however, noted that the pup seems smaller than average for her age. Staff are currently providing initial treatments and examining the patient further to understand more details about her condition.    The Alaska SeaLife Center’s Wildlife Response Program can only provide care for stranded and injured marine animals with help from federal grants, corporate sponsors, and individual donors. Those interested are encouraged to contribute to the care of rehabilitating marine animals here: www.alaskasealife.org/donate. The Center acknowledges the ongoing generous support of its Wildlife Response Program from companies like ConocoPhillips, Marathon Petroleum Corporation, Matson, PetZoo, GCI, and a number of individual donors, funds, and foundations such as The Stanley J. Williams Fund, Mesara Family Foundation, and The NC Giving Fund.         

The Alaska SeaLife Center (ASLC) admitted a male northern sea otter pup to the Wildlife Response Program on October 31, 2023, the third pup rescued this year. The approximately three-week-old pup arrived late Halloween night after a long transport from the remote coastal town of Seldovia, AK, and is currently under 24-hour care by wildlife response staff.   The pup was first spotted swimming near the docks and vocalizing in distress, its mother nowhere in sight. Although Northern sea otter mothers will leave their pup’s side for short intervals to hunt and forage, concerned onlookers noted that the pup was still alone after nearly two hours and contacted the ASLC via its 24-hour stranding hotline (888-774-7325).    While on the phone with wildlife response staff, onlookers noticed an adult sea otter approaching the pup in an aggressive manner. It was determined that this was likely a territorial male, raising additional concerns for the pup’s safety. With approval from the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, the pup was picked up to be transported to the ASLC for rehabilitation. Though the pup’s mother was never spotted, a deceased female adult sea otter was found in the area shortly before its rescue, offering a potential explanation for the pup’s abandonment.   The main concerns found by the ASLC veterinary team upon the initial admit exam were dehydration, malnourishment, and lacerations on the pup’s muzzle, likely sustained during its struggle with the aggressive adult. The team is currently providing stabilizing treatments and examining the patient further to understand the severity of his condition.   Sea otter pups require 24/7 care, which will continue for the first six months of the pup’s life. During this critical period, pups rely entirely on their mothers for grooming and nutrition, needs that will instead be monitored and provided for by staff.    The Alaska SeaLife Center’s Wildlife Response Program can only provide care for stranded and injured marine animals with help from corporate sponsors and individual donors. People are encouraged to contribute to the care of rehabilitating marine animals here: www.alaskasealife.org/donate. The Center acknowledges the ongoing generous support of the Wildlife Response Program from supporters like ConocoPhillips Alaska, Marathon Petroleum Corporation, PetZoo, Partners 4 Wildlife, Matson, GCI, and a number of individual donors, funds, and foundations such as the Stanley J Williams Fund, Mesara Family Foundation, and the NC Giving Fund.  

animatedcollapse.addDiv('A', 'fade=1') animatedcollapse.ontoggle=function($, divobj, state){ //fires each time a DIV is expanded/contracted //$: Access to jQuery //divobj: DOM reference to DIV being expanded/ collapsed. Use "divobj.id" to get its ID //state: "block" or "none", depending on state } animatedcollapse.init() animatedcollapse.addDiv('B', 'fade=1') animatedcollapse.ontoggle=function($, divobj, state){ //fires each time a DIV is expanded/contracted //$: Access to jQuery //divobj: DOM reference to DIV being expanded/ collapsed. Use "divobj.id" to get its ID //state: "block" or "none", depending on state } animatedcollapse.init()         Individual scientists usually specialize in one particular area. They get very good at knowing a lot about a few things. This is a natural and very normal thing to do, especially when the amount of detail a researcher has to consider in their study is huge! There is no way for any one person to know the ins-and-outs of each and every project. One of the most important lessons we can learn from a disaster the size of the Exxon Valdez oil spill is the importance of "thinking big" with science -- really big! We need to ask big questions, such as: “How is this one particular thing connected to that?” or “What influence does something that seems so different and very far away have on my local work?” or “How is this one thing connected to everything?” Scientists might not have the luxury of working on a whole bunch of different projects at once but, through cooperation in large projects like Gulf Watch, they can see the links, or connections, between what they have been focusing on and what others have been doing. In science, we call this "systems thinking." Systems thinking looks at the web of relationships where individual pieces respond both in their own individual ways and together as a whole. An ecosystem like the Gulf of Alaska is not just a collection of individual animals and plants. It is all living things interacting with each other and with the non-living things around them. Gulf Watch Alaska scientists combine data from all of their projects to help them better answer their own specific research questions. This gives each of them a better understanding of complicated ecosystem connections. You can think of each project like different pieces to a jigsaw puzzle. As more and more pieces are combined, a clearer and more complete picture emerges. Click the picture below to solve the jigsaw puzzle! Systems thinking allows the modern scientist to step outside of their lab. They connect with fellow researchers and see the importance of their work on a much larger scale. It requires teamwork and communication as they build a network with different specialties, interests, and research subjects. Watch the video below and listen to the Gulf Watch team as they talk about working together and putting the pieces of this complicated puzzle into place. VIDEO: Monitoring Connections Sonia Batten, Heather Coletti, and Dan Esler discuss connections between the four individual monitoring components of Gulf Watch Alaska. (1:55) Video Transcript (Sonia Batten) The Gulf of Alaska is a really complicated system. You’ve got places like Cook Inlet, Prince William Sound, which are these kind of inlets, and they’ve got local things happening there which are really important. And there are people studying the plankton and the ocean in those places, and they do really good detailed local studies, but we’re looking at a bigger area. We go from way off shore across the shelf, and it kind of smoothes out the little small-scale local effects and we’re looking at bigger climate effects and things that affect the whole region. So my data provides a link to what the local studies are doing and gives a broader context. (Heather Coletti) I think our work will really inform and strengthen our understanding of the connections between these systems. They talk about some of the zooplankton in the oceans out in the middle of the Gulf. How does that affect our coast and where we all recreate and live? And I guess I’d say the same thing for some of the environmental drivers, these big oceanographic systems that move through and the changes in the climate. How does that affect where we spend our time and where our resources are? (Dan Esler) I think a really important contribution of the work is to be able to take that long-term view of how things operate in marine ecosystems and how contaminant events are, what the timeline is for recovery from those sorts of things. And that fits in perfectly with the philosophy of Gulf Watch generally, taking this long-term, broad-scale view to understand these bigger patterns in marine ecosystems. I think that’s a really an important contribution for what we’re trying to do. You too can help with long-term ecosystem monitoring right in your own ecosystem -- through Citizen Science! Citizen science is the collection and analysis of data through partnerships between the general public and professional scientists. This collaborative way of doing science allows anyone with an interest in the natural world to engage in the scientific process. Many citizen scientist projects benefit from people gathering local monitoring data and contributing to a larger database. The data provided by participating citizen scientists helps professional researchers build a more complete understanding of ecosystems that they only visit once or twice a year. Recently, the scientific journal "Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment" published an entire issue focused on citizen science! Click the link on the right to access the journal. Explore some of the links below to find a citizen science opportunity to join! • Citizen Scientists • The Cornell Lab of Ornithology Citizen Science Central Projects • National Science Foundation • SciStarter • Scientific American Citizen Science Project List • Zooniverse • Journey North       Who is watching the Gulf?      

animatedcollapse.addDiv('A', 'fade=1') animatedcollapse.ontoggle=function($, divobj, state){ //fires each time a DIV is expanded/contracted //$: Access to jQuery //divobj: DOM reference to DIV being expanded/ collapsed. Use "divobj.id" to get its ID //state: "block" or "none", depending on state } animatedcollapse.init()         With their hypotheses developed and their study subjects chosen, Dr. Mellish and the team began the detailed process of planning their fieldwork. The team's field season in Antarctica needed to coincide with the seal's reproductive season, which runs from late October to December. It would be important to arrive by early October to maximize their time before the late spring ice melt made it unsafe to work on the sea ice. The team chose research sites on Erebus Bay, a pupping and breeding area just a short snowmobile ride from the U.S. base at McMurdo Station. From the Erebus Bay location, they'd select forty healthy seals to participate in the study. It was decided that only healthy animals should be studied and that, of the adults studied, all should be females. This would help prevent outside variables from complicating the data. Navigate through the pictures below to learn about the tools the researchers used to select healthy animals for their project: The team was able to work directly with each seal to complete its initial health assessment. However, to collect research data from the healthy animals, the researchers would need to monitor the seals as they went about their daily lives. Since a lot of a seal's time is spent beneath the sea ice - where it's difficult for researchers to observe them directly - this data would have to be collected remotely. To do this, the team outfitted each seal with specially engineered instruments, called data loggers, that would record and store the team's data. VIDEO: STUDYING SEALS USING DATA LOGGERS Dr. Markus Horning explains how the research team used data loggers to collect data for the Weddell seal project. (2:19) Video Transcript My name is Markus Horning, and I am an Associate Professor of Wildlife with Oregon State University’s Marine Mammal Institute. I’ve worked with Weddell seals in the Antarctic ever since my first trip to the Antarctic in 1981. My expertise that I bring to the table is related to my ability to bridge engineering and biology. I’m a biologist by training, I have a Ph.D. in biology, but I’ve always dabbled in electronics. We really can accomplish much more in our attempts to study and understand these animals if we use what we call “telemetry devices.” Basically, we use fancy electronics that can go with the animal where they go and where we can’t. Often times where I come in is figuring out, ‘Okay, this is the question, this is the data we need in order to be able to answer this question we have about the biology of this animal.’ Then I ask, ‘How can we get that data?’ and I find specialty sensors that give us exactly that data that we need. In this project we actually have several separate devices that we glue to the back of an animal. These are multi-channel devices - they have many different sensors. The information that we’re really most interested in is the information we get from the heat flux sensors. We glue these onto the surface of the skin of the seal and they measure exactly how much heat the animal is transferring to the cold water or cold air. To be able to understand this data and the patterns we see in terms of heat dissipation, we also need to record the behavior of the animal. That’s why we’re recording dive depth, swim speed, because that really determines the physiological state of an animal. If everything works well we find our animal after about five days, I’d say, and everything is still attached. We immobilize the animal a second time and we just peel everything off, or we shave a little bit of fur off. We get everything back home and we download the data. We want to recover the equipment so we can use it again on another animal, but also because the devices that we use actually record the most important information in memory. So, unless we recover the device we don’t have access to the data that we really want.       WHO IS STUDYING SEALS?   HYPOTHESIS (n) - a proposed explanation to a question that must be tested   PUPPING SEASON (n) - the time during the year when seal pups are born   OUTSIDE VARIABLE (n) - something not being tested in a study that could impact the data   DATA (n) - values for something measured   MONITOR (v) - to keep surveillance over something   REMOTELY (adv) - from a distance, without direct contact   DATA LOGGER (n) - a device that measures and stores data on the activity or condition of an animal.    

          WELCOME, TEACHERS! The Alaska SeaLife Center and COSEE-Alaska are excited to present "Southern Exposure", a virtual field trip (VFT) to one of the most remote regions on Earth. Join Dr. Jo-Ann Mellish and her team as they travel to Antarctica's McMurdo Sound to investigate how changing sea ice conditions may impact ice-dependent polar seals, like Antarctica's Weddell seals. GRADE LEVEL: 5th-8th TIME NEEDED: Between one and four 1-hour class periods (teachers may choose to use all or part of the supplementary lessons) NUTSHELL: Students will learn about animal physiology while exploring how changing sea ice conditions may affect ice-dependent Weddell seals. LEARNING OBJECTIVES: After completing this virtual field trip, students will be able to: - Highlight two ways that habitat conditions in the Arctic and the Antarctic are different - Define the term energy budget and explain how living things earn (gain) and use energy to meet the requirements of life - Describe the relationship between the depth of a seal's blubber and the animal's mass BACKGROUND: VIDEO: RESEARCH PROJECT PROMO Use this short research promo video to get your class excited about Southern Exposure. (0:56) In this virtual field trip, students will meet Drs. Jo-Ann Mellish, Markus Horning, and Allyson Hindle - a team of animal physiologists collaborating on a project about Antarctica's Weddell seals. Your students will follow Dr. Mellish's research team into the field as they work to answer the questions "What is the 'cost of living' for a polar seal?" and "How will the lives of these seals be impacted as their habitats continue to change?" This VFT can be used in a number of ways. Individuals may navigate through the pages on their own. Self-guided exploration can be completed in about an hour. Alternately, teachers may facilitate a structured experience, working through each page of the VFT together as a class. Lesson plans (included in the right-hand column of this page) are available to supplement online content. For a thorough introduction to Weddell seals, we recommend that teachers check out the PolarTrec webinar The Life Science of Weddell Seals with Dr. Jennifer Burns of the University of Alaska Anchorage. Though not affiliated with this project, Dr. Burns' presentation gives teachers a nice overview of current behavioral and physiological research on Weddell seals in Antarctica (40 minutes). TO USE THIS VIRTUAL FIELD TRIP YOU WILL NEED: - Internet access, video-streaming capabilities - Access to Southern Exposure - Projection system (with audio) to display content or a computer lab (with headphones) - Corresponding lesson plans (arranged as PDFs in the right-hand column of this page) UNABLE TO RUN THE STREAMING VERSION? REQUEST A FREE COPY OF ALL MATERIALS ON CD BY EMAILING: education@alaskasealife.org ADDITIONAL RESOURCES: Weddell seal specific Resources : Weddell Seal Science Project, YouTube Channel ARKive Weddell Seal Species Profile General information about Sea Ice: National Snow and Ice Data Center: Sea Ice Introduction National Snow and Ice Data Center: Arctic Vs. Antarctic NASA Earth Observatory: Sea Ice Education Resources Related to Climate Change: NOAA Education Resources: Climate Change Impacts   Contact Us: If you have any questions about this virtual field trip, please contact the Alaska SeaLife Center Education Department at education@alaskasealife.org or 907-224-6306. For more information on classes we offer, including our inquiry-based Distance Learning programs, visit our website at www.alaskasealife.org.       LESSON PLANS Use the .pdf links below to access classroom activities for each section of the virtual field trip. Lesson Plan One.pdf Lesson Plan Two.pdf Lesson Plan Three.pdf Glossary.pdf Guide to Standards Addressed All research was conducted under National Marine Fisheries Service Marine Mammal Protection Act authorization 15748 and Antarctic Conservation Act permit 2012-003.           

animatedcollapse.addDiv('A', 'fade=1') animatedcollapse.ontoggle=function($, divobj, state){ //fires each time a DIV is expanded/contracted //$: Access to jQuery //divobj: DOM reference to DIV being expanded/ collapsed. Use "divobj.id" to get its ID //state: "block" or "none", depending on state } animatedcollapse.init() animatedcollapse.addDiv('B', 'fade=1') animatedcollapse.ontoggle=function($, divobj, state){ //fires each time a DIV is expanded/contracted //$: Access to jQuery //divobj: DOM reference to DIV being expanded/ collapsed. Use "divobj.id" to get its ID //state: "block" or "none", depending on state } animatedcollapse.init()         Many of the species of birds, mammals, and fish that live in Prince William Sound hunt for food far from shore. Gulf Watch Alaska scientists are working hard to understand the productivity of these offshore areas. But it’s more than just learning how much food is available. Understanding what might cause the amount of food to change from year to year can help scientists predict impacts on the animals that depend upon offshore resources of the Gulf of Alaska. Productivity is influenced by a lot of factors: temperature (both air & water), salinity, tides, currents, rain, wind, the sun, water turbidity and, especially, the amount of plankton. These factors are also called environmental drivers and drivers are key indicators of the overall status of the Gulf of Alaska. Five Gulf Watch Alaska projects are collecting long-term physical and biological data. Several of the Environmental Drivers projects even pre-date EVOS. Some already have up to 30 years of data! Scientists are using this data to answer the following questions: • How exactly does the Gulf of Alaska ecosystem function? • What are the climate trends? • What is the influence of environmental drivers on the recovery of species impacted by the oil spill? Click on the images below to learn about the tools that researchers use to sample environmental drivers. Monitoring marine plankton is central to the Environmental Drivers research. Phytoplankton are the primary producers of the sea. Just like larger plants, they convert sunlight and carbon dioxide into energy. Zooplankton are the primary consumers of the sea. They feed on the phytoplankton. Zooplankton are a critical food source for a lot of marine animals. Watch the video below to learn more about plankton! VIDEO: Introduction to Plankton "Plankton" (on Vimeo). Plankton are a multitude of living organisms adrift in the currents. Our food, our fuel, and the air we breathe originate in plankton. From the Plankton Chronicles series by Christian Sardet (CNRS), Sharif Mirshak and Noé Sardet (Parafilms). (2:02) Video Transcript “Plankton” comes from the Greek word planktos, which means “wandering.” Any living creature carried along by ocean currents is classified as plankton. It ranges in size from the tiniest virus to siphonophores (the longest animals in the world) and also includes microscopic algae, krill or fish larvae. Some plankton, like these salps, drift all their lives; others, like mollusks and fish, are only planktonic during their embryonic or larval stage. When they reach adulthood, they settle or swim freely. Planktonic organisms play important roles in human life. Many microscopic species get their energy from photosynthesis. They absorb carbon dioxide and produce oxygen; thus, they constantly renew the air we breathe. Plankton has also been a great provider of fossil energy. When it dies it sinks to the sea bed. This layer of sediment has fossilized for more than a billion years, producing our precious oil. Finally, plankton nourishes us. It’s the basis of the food chain, in which the large eat the small. Without plankton there would be no fish. Scientists are using Environmental Drivers’ data to find answers to vital questions such as: • How do springtime conditions in the Gulf of Alaska influence the phytoplankton bloom? • How does this bloom of phytoplankton affect the numbers and location of zooplankton from year to year? The Continuous Plankton Recorder (CPR) is a tool made to sample plankton from ships sailing across the Gulf of Alaska. A CPR is designed to be towed from merchant ships as they follow their scheduled routes. These ships are not research vessels, but they use CPR instruments during their voyages to help researchers gather data. The cargo vessel Horizon Kodiak is one ship that tows a CPR northbound towards Cook Inlet about once a year. View the video below to discover more about the benefits of using CPR on vessels like the Horizon Kodiak. VIDEO: Continuous Plankton Recorder Sonia Batten describes the use of Continuous Plankton Recorders in the Gulf of Alaska. (1:53) Video Transcript Plankton are considered one of the environmental drivers, so they’re the link between what happens in the ocean – in terms of water chemistry, temperature, the water conditions – and the fish, because plankton respond to their environment really quickly, and fish feed on plankton and larger organisms feed on fish, so the plankton are the link between the oceanography and the fish. We know that plankton respond really quickly because they have life cycles that are really short, sometimes even days, but all of them less than a year or at least a year is the longest life cycle. So if changes happen in their environment they respond quite quickly, and you can see that in changes in their numbers, and the types of plankton and where they’re at. So by monitoring them it gives you a really rapid response to a change in the environment. In the early part of the twentieth century in the UK, it was kind of hard to know where to send the fishing boats, you know, where they were going to find the herring, and Alister Hardy invented this instrument that could be towed behind ships, measuring the plankton, and it’s called the continuous plankton recorder. Continuous because, rather than taking a sample as a snapshot across, it continuously samples the plankton as it goes. His idea was that if you could understand the food of the herring, the food of the fish, maybe you could predict where they were going to be and then send the fishing boats there. You would build a map, a bit like a weather map, of where plankton were and when they were, and then you could send the fishers. So that was his idea, back in the early part of the early part of the twentieth century. And it took a few years to get routine, but from the 1930s onwards they were using this instrument to do that – to build up a picture of plankton meteorology, basically.         Who is watching the Gulf?   Biological (adj): pertaining to the science of life or living matter   CTD (n): acronym for Conductivity, Temperature, Depth. An oceanography instrument that records the salinity (conductivity) & temperature at a prescribed depth of seawater   Consumer (n): a living thing that eats other living things to survive. It cannot make its own food.   Buoy (n): a fixed-in-place, floating device that can serve many purposes in the sea. The GAK1 Data Buoy is fitted with many different oceanographic instruments.   Physical (adj): pertaining to the properties of matter and energy other than those distinctly related to living matter   Phytoplankton (n): freely floating, often minute plants that drift with water currents   Plankton (n): organisms that swim weakly, or not at all, and drift with water currents   Primary producer (n): an organism that makes its own food from light energy or chemical energy   Salinity (n): the saltiness of a body of water   Zooplankton (n): freely floating animals that drift with water currents  

animatedcollapse.addDiv('A', 'fade=1') animatedcollapse.ontoggle=function($, divobj, state){ //fires each time a DIV is expanded/contracted //$: Access to jQuery //divobj: DOM reference to DIV being expanded/ collapsed. Use "divobj.id" to get its ID //state: "block" or "none", depending on state } animatedcollapse.init() animatedcollapse.addDiv('B', 'fade=1') animatedcollapse.ontoggle=function($, divobj, state){ //fires each time a DIV is expanded/contracted //$: Access to jQuery //divobj: DOM reference to DIV being expanded/ collapsed. Use "divobj.id" to get its ID //state: "block" or "none", depending on state } animatedcollapse.init()           Nearshore and benthic (bottom-dwelling) organisms are good gauges of change in the environment. Many are sedentary, sensitive to change, and easy to access for study. Scientists are usually more able to discover the source of change in this kind of habitat. Once those sources are found, they can identify and compare changes that are natural from those that are man-made. Click the image below to discover the different zones of the nearshore ecosystem. The Nearshore Ecosystems team collects data in the tidal areas. Researchers are focused on learning about the variety and abundance of the species living at sites in Prince William Sound, the outer Kenai Peninsula, and Lower Cook Inlet. This data will help scientists find answers for questions like: • Is the nearshore environment changing significantly from year to year? • Have resources in this environment recovered from the 1989 oil spill? If not, are there reasons other than the oil spill? • Are changes in offshore conditions also causing changes in the nearshore habitats? This project focuses on organisms that are considered crucial to the nearshore ecosystem’s health. One such key species is the black oystercatcher. These shorebirds are good candidates for monitoring projects because they have a long lifespan. Over that lifetime, the oystercatcher lives in and depends upon intertidal habitats. This is where they mate, nest, and raise their young. Even though black oystercatchers aren’t benthic animals, they eat a diet of creatures that are. Their menu of mussels, limpets, and chitons are easily effected by changes in the environment. If oystercatchers aren’t healthy, it probably means that something significant has happened to the shellfish that they eat. Click on the image below to learn more about the black oystercatcher, a critical species of the Nearshore Benthic Systems in the Gulf of Alaska project. Click the audio icon to hear the call of the black oystercatcher. Scientists, like the National Park Service’s Heather Coletti, are trying to address the following questions: • Are the numbers of black oystercatcher nests changing from year to year? • Is the number of eggs or chicks in each nest changing? • Are chicks supplied with the same variety and amount of food each year? • Does this data change from one location to another? Heather and her team monitor the habitat of black oystercatchers using a variety of methods, including the use of shoreline transects to survey nest sites and sample prey remains at oystercatcher nesting sites. VIDEO: Monitoring Nearshore Systems Heather Coletti describes her work studying black oystercatchers for the nearshore systems component of Gulf Watch Alaska. (1:50) Video Transcript The nearshore is that interface between the terrestrial system – land – and the oceans. And there are several influences from the ocean that meet at the nearshore and then we have anthropogenic and natural influences from the terrestrial, and in some heavily populated areas that’s pollution and runoff, and how the nearshore really is affected by all those influences. And it’s essentially where the densest human populations live, along the coasts. Our program is essentially monitoring the nearshore food web. So we start out at the sea grasses and algae, which are the primary producers of that system. And then we look at invertebrates – benthic invertebrates – whether it’s mussels, clams, limpets… And then we have surveys for higher trophic level predators, like your sea ducks, sea otters, sea stars. We monitor oystercatchers, which are a pretty charismatic shorebird that is essentially confined to the nearshore and the intertidal. They feed exclusively in the intertidal on benthic invertebrates. So that’s your mussels, your limpets, that’s their two primary food sources, but they’ll eat some barnacles and some worms. So we have several aspects of their biology that we are monitoring. The goal of any monitoring program is to look at change over time and understand change over time, what’s driving it and if there’s any way to predict what those outcomes may be. That’s ultimately the goal and we are in our first few years of monitoring, and right now looking at what the natural variation in these systems is like. That hasn’t been fully documented yet.       Who is watching the Gulf?   Abundance (n): the quantity or amount of something   Benthic (adj): pertaining to the seafloor and the organisms that live there   Data (n): values for something measured   Density (n): the number of inhabitants per unit of area   Distribution (n): the way in which something is spread over an area   Intertidal (n): the benthic shore area between the extreme reaches of high and low tides   Nearshore (n): the marine zone that extends from the high tide line to depths of about 20 meters   Organism (n): an individual life form   Prey (n): an animal taken by predators as food   Riparian zone (n): the area of land next to a lake, river, stream, or wetland   Subtidal (n): the benthic area below low tide that is covered by water most of the time and exposed briefly during extreme low tides   Tide (n): the alternate rising and falling of the sea at a particular place, due to the gravitional attraction of the moon and sun   Transect (n): a path along which scientists count animal populations and plant distributions    

animatedcollapse.addDiv('A', 'fade=1') animatedcollapse.ontoggle=function($, divobj, state){ //fires each time a DIV is expanded/contracted //$: Access to jQuery //divobj: DOM reference to DIV being expanded/ collapsed. Use "divobj.id" to get its ID //state: "block" or "none", depending on state } animatedcollapse.init() animatedcollapse.addDiv('B', 'fade=1') animatedcollapse.ontoggle=function($, divobj, state){ //fires each time a DIV is expanded/contracted //$: Access to jQuery //divobj: DOM reference to DIV being expanded/ collapsed. Use "divobj.id" to get its ID //state: "block" or "none", depending on state } animatedcollapse.init()         The Steller's eiders kept the team busy during the 2014 breeding season. The combination of nesting materials, nest placement, privacy, mate choice and staffing worked for the eiders! For the first time in the program’s history, two Steller’s eider hens, Scarlet and Eek, incubated their eggs for the full 26 days and hatched ducklings. Scarlet had three ducklings and Eek had one. Four other ducklings hatched after artificial incubation and were raised by people for a total of eight Steller’s ducklings. The hens fully incubating their eggs was a grand achievement for the eider team! In the early stages of the project, hens would only lay infertile eggs, or not build a nest, or not stay on their nest through the whole incubation. In captivity, Steller’s eider hens had never incubated their eggs completely on their own before now! In addition to the eight ducklings of 2014, the eider team had many eggs that were infertile or that were fertile but never hatched. All the eggs that do not hatch go to the lab where Dr. Katrina Counihan and her lab technicians get to work. Every egg provides further data for researchers to use to learn more about eiders. VIDEO: DATA FROM EGG DISSECTIONS Discover what Dr. Katrina is learning in her eider lab. (1:40) Video Transcript I do various projects with the eiders. The major one is I oversee the processing of the eggs every summer. We get eggs from the captive spectacled and Steller’s eiders. For this summer we got over 300 eggs from both species, so we have help usually in the summer from interns and also volunteers which are often college students. Without them we wouldn’t be able to get through all these samples, because it takes about 30-45 minutes per egg to process it. As you can see here we use a variety of tools: digital calipers to measure the width and length of all of our eggs, and then we have a scale that we [use to] weigh the eggs before we start the dissection. The first thing we do is we’ll use these little just basic knitting scissors and we cut around the center of the egg. And then we’ll dump out as much of the albumen as we can into a large dish and then the yolk into a second one of the large Petri dishes. And then we’ll use really simple things, like just plastic forks to mix up albumen and yolk before we take samples, and then spatulas to scrape up every last little bit to make sure we get the samples. And then just little plastic syringes to suck up the samples into the vials. And then we weigh out the yolk and the albumen. So we literally save every bit of every egg we get. Dr. Katrina Counihan uses parts of the eggs she dissects to study eider health. We know a lot about how people deal with being sick, but not much about what eiders do to stay healthy. One part of the egg she is interested in is the yolk because it contains immunoglobulin (or antibodies) which would help the duck fight off diseases. Dr. Counihan looks at the immunoglobulin in the eggs to understand how the eiders are able to fight diseases. Thanks to Dr. Counihan’s work, if the eiders are reintroduced, the scientists will understand how healthy the captive birds are and how the eiders will be able to handle any diseases that they might encounter in the wild. Dr. Hollmen believes that the collaboration and communication between the research and husbandry staff is the key to the team’s success. The husbandry staff works to make the eiders feel at home and healthy so they lay eggs. Some of those eggs hatch into ducklings that increase the captive reservoir population. Researchers in the lab use the other eggs to find information on the health of the birds. The field team tries to find a wild habitat where the eiders could survive. Each team member contributes a specialized set of skills and everyone is united by the goal of learning about and helping a unique arctic species.       CLICK BELOW TO LEARN ABOUT SEADUCK SCIENTISTS!   ALBUMEN (n) - the white of an egg.   CALIPER (n) - a tool with two moveable arms that is used to measure thickness, diameter, length or width.   COLLABORATION (n) - the action of working with someone to do or create something.   IMMUNOGLOBULIN (n) - also called antibody; a protein that helps the immune system find and get rid of foreign objects like bacteria and viruses.   PETRI DISH (n) - a shallow plastic or glass dish often used in labs to culture bacteria or collect samples.   YOLK (n) - the yellow center of an egg that supplies food to a growing bird before it hatches.    

animatedcollapse.addDiv('A', 'fade=1') animatedcollapse.ontoggle=function($, divobj, state){ //fires each time a DIV is expanded/contracted //$: Access to jQuery //divobj: DOM reference to DIV being expanded/ collapsed. Use "divobj.id" to get its ID //state: "block" or "none", depending on state } animatedcollapse.init() animatedcollapse.addDiv('B', 'fade=1') animatedcollapse.ontoggle=function($, divobj, state){ //fires each time a DIV is expanded/contracted //$: Access to jQuery //divobj: DOM reference to DIV being expanded/ collapsed. Use "divobj.id" to get its ID //state: "block" or "none", depending on state } animatedcollapse.init()         A typical day doesn’t exist on the Arctic tundra. Even in the summertime, you could wake to a day of hail, snow, fog, rain, or 70-degree sunshine. Luckily, on good weather days there is a lot of daylight when scientists can get their work completed. With a flat landscape, light from the sun lasts almost 24 hours. Researchers sometimes work until one o'clock in the morning! In the 2014 season, Alaska SeaLife Center scientists traveled to the Y-K Delta twice; once in June to investigate habitat for nesting pairs and once in July to study conditions during brood rearing. This fieldwork helped determine if there is suitable habitat on the Delta for the potential rearing of Steller’s eider ducklings in the upcoming years. If the team can hatch and raise Steller's eiders on the Y-K Delta, this may be a way to reintroduce Steller's eiders to that area. The prospective Steller's rearing location needs to have quality habitat for the eiders, but it also needs easy access for the scientists to come and go with supplies. VIDEO: STUDYING SITES FOR REINTRODUCTION Sadie Ulman explains what information the field team gathered in 2014 and why. (1:48) Video Transcript One of the primary goals of my work right now is to help with the reintroduction of Steller’s eiders on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, and our focus is on this particular central Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta: Kigigak Island down on the further south, and then all the way up here on the Kashunuk River system were three different locations. We were looking for freshwater ponds, which happen to be mainly on top of these pingos which are essentially upraised tundra, kind of new tundra areas upraised with these deep, clear freshwater ponds on them with different vegetation than the lower, more grassland. This past season we were sampling a suite of habitat types, but a list of factors kept pointing toward these pingo ponds being the highest level of quality for habitat. We’re looking at salinity specifically because it’s been shown to affect the growth and mass of ducklings at an early age. Sea ducks in particular have salt glands that they don’t fully develop until anywhere from 3 to 6 days of age. After the salt glands have developed they can process salt water readily and it does not affect them. With the changing climate and weather there’s been a higher frequency of coastal storm surges coming in. So the seawater essentially is coming up and flooding a lot of the tundra area and therefore increasing the salinity in a lot of those ponds. That is very helpful to know for the reintroduction purposes, as we need to find a location where there’s plenty of freshwater available for these broods and these ducklings to be reintroduced. Click on the tools and equipment in the image below to learn more about what the research team does in the field. Can you find all six items to click on?         CLICK BELOW TO LEARN ABOUT SEADUCK SCIENTISTS!   CONDUCTIVITY (n) - the degree to which a specified material conducts electricity.   DATA (n) - values of something measured.   DELTA (n) - the area of land where a river splits into smaller rivers before it flows into an ocean.   HABITAT (n) - the natural home or environment of an animal, plant, or other organism.   INVERTEBRATE (n) - an organism that doesn’t have a spine or spinal column; insects are one example of invertebrates.   pH (n) - a number between 0 and 14 that indicates if a substance is an acid or a base.   PINGO (n) - a hill of soil-covered ice pushed up in an area of permafrost.   QUADRAT (n) - a square or rectangular plot of land marked off for the study of plants and animals.   REAR (v) - caring for and raising (offspring) until they are fully grown, especially in a particular manner or place.   SALINITY (n) - the saltiness or dissolved salt content of a body of water.   SEDIMENT (n) - matter that settles to the bottom of a liquid.   SLOUGH (n) - an inlet on a river or a creek in a marsh or tidal flat.